Industrial Engineering
Textile Machinery
Textile machinery is utilized in the working of fabrics, textiles, and all kinds of non-woven and woven textile products. A schedule of these equipments is used in many parts of textile producing from warping, spinning, dyeing and weaving. There are also instruments used in order to extrude synthetic and plastic fiber. Some natural fibers that go best with any of this tool are cotton, wool and silk while artificial fibers like polypropylene, polyester and nylon advantage from these equipments too.
Textile machinery is provided the market as brand fresh items but there are also used ones that producers may consider buying. These are available through online venues and other domestic tool offers within certain locate. Some of the famous dealers or traders of these industrial items belong to association like association of equipment and machinery and USA textile machinery association.
In other nations, there are yet other organizations where these traders are attached to. Commonly, no topic what title the dealers are linked with, the following items are included in their item catalogue.
Machinery for Embroidery, Sewing and Garment
Among a schedule of names in the textile machinery department, those in the embroidery and sewing process are always sought after by textile industries. Famous equipment titles are garments cutting equipment, sewing machines, overlock equipment, and hemming equipments. There are also very unique items like denim sewing, flat ironers, and needle detector equipments. There are those that deal big trimmings, fabrics and button holes. In this department, all products gear to aspect of embroidery, sewing, and garment producers.
Weaving Equipments
Weaving is also another vital process is the textile industry that is why some of the top textile equipment is made for this famous endeavor. A firm may select from warping machines, rapier looms, water jet looms, carpet making equipments and jacquards equipment. Some other products in the brochure are beaming equipments, needle looms and sizing equipments. With each item title, one will be capable to learn about its true role.
Other Kinds of Equipments for Textile Producing
Dyeing is also catered to by a schedule of textile equipment. The continuous dyeing equipment is included as fine as the centrifugal hydro-extractors equipment. Jiggers, pahhers, and dosing equipments are top advised for this area of the process. There are also things particularly made for laundry, spinning, printing, knitting and finishing. Some traders offer textile equipments for bags, footwear and other for leather producers. These all machines play a vital in making of textile products.
History Of Industrial Engineering
The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology defines industrial engineering as: the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience and exercise is used with judgment to develop methods to utilize economically, the types of materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind worried about the design, improvement and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, equipment and. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill within the mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and assess the results to be obtained from such systems.
History
The origins of industrial engineering could be traced back to many different sources. Fredrick Winslow Taylor is most often considered as the father of industrial engineering even though all his ideas where not original. Some of the preceding influences might have been Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, David Ricardo and John Stuart Mill. All of their works provided classical liberal explanations for the successes and limitations of the Industrial Revolution.
Another major contributor to the field was Charles W. Babbage. a mathematics professor. One of his major contributions to the field was his book On the Economy of Machinery and Manufacturers in 1832. In this book he discusses many different topics coping with manufacturing, a few of which will be extremely familiar for an IE. Babbage discusses the concept of the learning curve, the division of task and how learning is affected, and also the effect of learning around the generation of waste.
Within the late nineteenth century more developments where being made that will lead to the formalization of industrial engineering. Henry R. Towne stressed the economical facet of an engineer’s job. Read the rest of this entry »
The History Of Industrial Engineering
The Certification Panel for Architectural and Technologies defines industrial architectural as: the profession where a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained through research, experience and exercise is applied with common sense to develop methods to make use of economically, the supplies and causes of character for the advantage of mankind worried about the design, improvement and installation of incorporated methods of individuals, materials, equipment and energy. This draws on specific knowledge and skill in the numerical, physical and sociable sciences together with the concepts and techniques of engineering analysis and design in order to stipulate, predict and evaluate the leads to be from this kind of systems.History
The roots of commercial architectural could be traced back to a variety of sources. Fredrick Winslow Taylor is most often considered as the dad of industrial architectural even though just about all their suggestions exactly where not original. A few of the previous influences may have been Adam Smith, Jones Malthus, David Ricardo and Steve Stuart Generator. Just about all of their own functions supplied traditional generous explanations for the achievements and restrictions of the Commercial Revolution.
An additional major cause of the field was Charles Watts. Babbage. a mathematics professor. One of their main efforts in order to the field was their book On the Economy of Equipment and Producers in 1832. In this guide he talks about a variety of subjects dealing with production, several of which is very acquainted to an IE. Babbage discusses the concept of the understanding contour, the division of job and exactly how understanding is actually impacted, and the impact of learning on the era of waste.
In the past due 19th century more developments where becoming made that will lead to the formalization of industrial engineering. Henry Ur. Towne stressed the financial element of a good engineer’s work. Towne belonged in order to the American Culture of Mechanical Technical engineers (ASME) as did many other earlier American innovators in this brand new field. The IE guide states the, “ASME had been the reproduction ground for commercial architectural. Towne together with Fredrick The. Halsey worked on creating and presenting wage motivation plans to the ASME. It was away of these types of meetings which the Halsey strategy of wage repayment created. The objective ended up being to increase the efficiency of employees without negatively impacting the cost of production. The strategy suggested which some of the increases be shared with the employees.. This really is one earlier instance of one revenue discussing strategy. Read the rest of this entry »
Where to Look for Industrial Engineering Jobs
For students interesting in work as an industrial engineer, there are many different job opportunities emerging in this field. Knowing where to look for these jobs is half the battle. However, this guide to finding jobs in industrial engineering should be a helpful too for anyone looking for these types of engineering jobs.
One of the important things to remember about industrial engineering jobs is that they are everywhere. Airlines, construction companies, architects, mining and oil companies, and more are always looking to hire them. That is because the engineers are the ones responsible for making sure that everything goes according to plan. These professionals are those who help make sure that a building project is safe and built according to rules and regulations. In many ways, they save many companies from lawsuits that result from personal injury and improper building structures. The role of these individuals is important, and for that reason they are in high demand in many different areas.
Mining and oil companies are some of the top areas which offer jobs in engineering for similar reasons. Mining and oil companies must be able to ensure the safety of their employees in sometimes very dangerous settings. They are also responsible for making sure that the companies are using their resources at the most effective levels. This includes staff, supplies, money, and any other resources. This is very important for all types of business operations because it reduces cost levels and increases productivity and, therefore, profits. By maintaining a high level of efficiency as well as ensuring the safety of a company’s resources, the industrial engineers provide a valuable service to these companies and are often well-compensated for their efforts.
Jobs for industrial engineers continue to grow as technology changes and becomes more available. People on this career are great at mastering new technologies and putting them to good use in a variety of settings. Computer companies may hire an industrial engineer to study their products and to improve them; architects may also employ someone in the field for advice on proper building procedures.
Qualifications and Skills Required For Industrial Engineering Jobs
Job of Industrial Engineer
The estimation of production cost, creation of effective product design, development of production standards, revision of production schedules, delegation of responsibilities to the workers and completion of production within the given time frame are the major tasks executed by an engineer.
Industrial Engineer decides and monitors the quality control objectives, and resolves any sort of problem that occurs during the production process. His main focus is always on the efficient production and cost minimization. He also keeps an update of the project status, purchases, manufacturing and production processes. Also, the design, layout and draft of the equipments and materials are summarized by him.
Required Qualifications
Mechanical knowledge is one aspect without which a person can not realize the dream of making a career in industrial engineering. An engineering degree coupled with the knowledge of industrial production and technology is the foremost qualification required for a job of industrial engineer. A keen design sense, command on English language and computer knowledge are the other requirements to do the work of an industrial engineer.
A strong background of Mathematics is compulsory since the work involves the application of arithmetic, calculus, algebra, geometry and statistics. The job profile also demands a command on management and administration principles which are the basic tools for resource allocation, production and strategic planning, and; work coordination and delegation.
Skill Requirements
An ability to think logically and critically helps industrial engineers to weigh the various available options and take the best decision in favor of efficient production. They should also possess the active listening and fast reading skills to take the desired steps in flick of seconds. Quick decision making and excellent time management skills make the person doing industrial engineering jobs, quite resourceful.
Engineering For Lean: Right-Sizing Your Labor Cost Infrastructure With Industrial Engineering
Did you know that the exemplar of lean manufacturing, Toyota, assigns an industrial engineer to each foreman in its plants? It’s true. Toyota has long understood the value of optimizing operations through traditional industrial engineering techniques. For example, the company “stopwatches” each operation to assure that the people performing work tasks can actually accomplish the task in an optimal amount of time. Optimal is defined as the rate feasible to do the task “right the first time” according to the Toyota standard method (for quality purposes) and to be economically efficient in the traditional manufacturing cost paradigm. If the time assigned to an operation is not “optimal,” then the workers receive additional training or the operation time is adjusted. Assigning an industrial engineer to each foreman has other benefits – work flow management, cycle time reduction, work methods and the like.
So, how does the Toyota approach – clearly feasible for a multibillion dollar global corporation – relate to the small to medium size enterprise (SME)? The message of the Toyota example is rediscovery of the lost art of industrial engineering and its use in making an SME company lean and cost-effective. Certainly few if any SMEs can afford to have an industrial engineering staff like the one Toyota has, but industrial engineering talent can be obtained in many ways and employed just as effectively,
WHY BOTHER WITH INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING?
Why indeed you may ask? Isn’t labor cost reduction passe with labor costs per unit amounting to six or seven percent of the sales dollar? Does it make sense to try to squeeze an extra quarter second out of an operation by changing the way some one moves their left hand when turning a dial? Furthermore, isn’t labor a variable cost that fluctuates with production requiring us to staff up and down as needed? The answer to all these questions is no. Let’s look at each of these questions and then visualize some benefits from industrial engineering in a twenty-first century style.
Low unit labor costs. It is true that direct and indirect labor on a unit basis is lower than it has ever been in recent memory but, labor is often the single largest non-material total dollar expenditure for most manufacturing companies. It therefore behooves management to insure that the labor force is trim and is not growing out of proportion to the level of sales revenue.
Squeezing the additional quarter second out of the process. The additional fractional time reductions and fractional people reductions (we saved one-third of an employee by doing this!) associated with traditional industrial engineering were no doubt meaningful to cost reduction in the first half of the twentieth century when labor forces were orders-of-magnitude larger. These fractional savings, in fact, added up to actual dollar labor savings back in the day. They have almost no similar value today except to comprehend how jobs may be combined to eliminate duplication or non-value added activities.
Labor variability. One of the enduring myths of the twentieth century (and the twenty-first as well) is the notion that labor varies in direct proportion to output. Labor is now part of the manufacturing company infrastructure and must be managed as a controlled resource and not assumed to be a variable resource. The distinction between controlled and variable is an important one. Controlled implies that as production rises, the labor compliment need not increase if we seek alternative ways to organize and manage the infrastructure. Similarly when output declines, the force may not decline if we are tight on indirect labor in non-production areas and can shift people to such non-value added but necessary, and deferrable, work. In actuality, labor should increment and decrement in “plateaus” or “steps” along the production curve and the increment/decrement plateaus should be actively managed.
Industrial engineering facilitates the management of all of these labor issues. It is now focused on the phenomenon of the “infrastructure” and labor as a significant cost of the infrastructure (hence the title of this article). Stop-watching and labor efficiency variances and comprehension of fractional work can now be used to inhibit the impulse to “hire as a first resort.” If, for example, every time a new direct or indirect labor hire was contemplated, an industrial engineering analysis of the presumed need and the related work in the area was made, work re-engineering and worker redeployment could likely result in avoidance of adding another person to the payroll.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR COST CONTAINMENT/REDUCTION
Ultimately, industrial engineering in the modern sense (the Toyota approach) is about keeping the labor cost infrastructure “right-sized” to the revenue of the enterprise and the elimination of waste. With this in mind, we can examine some ways to reduce costs necessary to right-size and to contain them as growth occurs.
Supervisory span of control. A common but misguided practice is to have too many supervisors in relation to the number of direct labor employees supervised. The textbook ratio of foreman to direct laborers is 1 to 20. If you are at 1 to 19, not to worry but if you are at 1 to 10, the span of control is worth a look.
Unbalanced lines. Line balancing is one of the basic tenets of industrial engineering. In the “old days” of extensive manual operations, it had much to do with stop-watching of individuals but now it is directed toward balancing around a machine constraint in a production cell. Frequently, line balancing can result in lower crewing of cells by having workers move back and forth around the constraint device.
Timed operations and earned hours. While the concept of “earned hours” according to engineered standards is often misunderstood and misused, measuring the overall efficiency of large operations over relatively long time periods is a good indicator of real crewing needs. The caution here is not to calculate labor efficiency variances by individual shop orders or small departments by the day but rather to calculate it and report it for an entire department of perhaps twenty-five people in periods of no less than one week.
Extended meal break time frame to limit “floaters.” In shops where machines pace the plant, floaters are employed to substitute for machine tenders on scheduled breaks for meals. The number of such floaters is often dictated by the period in which the meal break is taken and, of course, the number of employees and machines. For example, if meal-breaks on the first shift are taken between eleven AM and one PM, more floaters will be needed than if the meal-break period was extended to two PM and fewer floaters could cover multiple breaks sequentially.
Cellular organization. Much is written about cellular organization lately. Re-engineering the plant into product cells is the modern equivalent of old-fashioned plant re-layouts. The labor cost advantage is that workers can multitask in “U” or “J” shaped cells instead of being chained to a particular station and operation. And, if workers can move around and multitask in a cell, you need less of them.
Set-up reduction. Rarely do we hear that set-up reduction can have an impact on labor costs but it does. Similar to the economics of cellular organization, set-up reduction avoids the waste of additional labor infrastructure by contributing to a high rate of machine utilization and thereby requiring fewer people waiting on set-ups. Reducing set-up time is a fine example of industrial engineering value in eliminating wasted time with consequent lower cost and greater throughput.
Create cost containment metrics. The keys to successful use of metrics are threefold: controllability of the processes being measured by shop management, a feeling of accountability to senior management for achieving numerical success and, connection to financial results. There are metrics that express labor cost utilization and containment – here are some to consider: first time quality, machine uptime as a percentage of scheduled uptime, shop order due date performance. These and other metrics measure the underlying cause of the need for labor. Machine uptime, for example, tells us if we are wasting the labor resource by having machines idle and the workers assigned to them idle as well.
Do it right the first time. There is probably no greater waste of labor (and other) resources than rework. Enforcing a first time quality ethic can result in lower labor cost by avoiding this egregious form of waste.
So where are you in the labor cost continuum? If you feel the pinch of lower profitability whether felt in less sales per employee or a cost creep that seems to be encroaching on your revenues or a higher break-even point, you may be a candidate for right-sizing your labor infrastructure to fit your revenue base. Toyota, always the leader in manufacturing management methods, has reinvented the idea of industrial engineering in the modern era to, among other things, contain labor costs. Perhaps, your labor infrastructure can benefit from an industrial engineering diagnosis as well.
Different Types of Engineering Jobs
The engineering profession can be broken down into a number of subject areas. For most of these areas, each is its own bachelor’s degree. Civil engineering is the design of civil architecture. This includes the design of buildings, roads, drainage, landscaping, and other architecture. It is also concerned with the design of waterways and bridges. Civil engineers frequently receive basic training in surveying; surveying certifications can be earned as an associate’s degree or certificate program under civil engineering.
Mechanical engineering is often called general engineering. This degree includes an overview of statics and dynamics, material science, load analysis, and machinery design. When civil engineers design bridges, they may rely on mechanical engineers to design the trusses and supports, they also design heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, a specialty called HVAC.
Architectural engineers are a subset of civil engineers, designing buildings in accordance to building codes and safety standards. Environmental engineers, who design environmental systems or organic interfaces like living marshes, are a subset of civil engineering. Electrical engineers design circuits that carry electricity. This extends to power networks, electronic circuits, and microchips. Those engineers who design software for electronics and computers are called computer engineers. However they can also include programmers and those who write machine languages.
Industrial engineers are efficiency experts. Their training also covers probability, system modeling, system analysis, manufacturing plant design, and ergonomics. Industrial engineers are typified as the person with the stop watch measuring the cycle time of machinery operators working. However, industrial engineers are also trained in eliminating wasted time, effort and energy from any type of process. Before six sigma was a process improvement methodology, it was a quality standard for industrial engineers.
Drafting and Computer Aided Design has traditionally been a specialization within the profession. This is taught to most students, but those seeking to work as drafters can receive an associate’s degree in drafting and CAD from most engineering schools.
Biomedical engineering is the design of life saving devices and technologies. From the design of artificial joints to artificial organs, tissue graft methodologies to new laboratory equipment, this is the merging of medicine and mechanical design. Biomedical engineering degrees are typically earned with a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering with a master’s degree in biomedical design or an additional one to two years of medical courses.
Chemical engineers design manufacturing processes and equipment to support those processes. This includes the design of chemical manufacturing plants and recycling methods. Petroleum engineers are a specialization of chemical engineers with training in oil and gas equipment design and support.
Getting a PhD in Industrial Engineering
If you want to specialize in the engineering field where optimizing work systems are the concern, you might be interested in getting a PhD in Industrial Engineering. You will basically deal with a lot of science and math to increase productivity, which will then yield costs and outcome. Getting one of these is not difficult, if you plan ahead of time, starting from graduate school.
You might want to start with a lookout for universities that offer PhD in Industrial Engineering. Gather information like their prerequisites, so that you are able to prepare the things needed while completing graduate school. At the same time, you can check on how they are accredited to make sure you do not waste your time and money if you end up not being recognized. Apart from that, decide on areas you might or might not want to further your studies to. This way, you can shorten the list. However, if traveling is not convenient for you, you might try accredited online PhD’s instead.
Meanwhile, there are certain things that can be done while you are at graduate school. You would need to inquire about the admission and testing processes. You would need to take the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), where you may register yourself with the Educational Testing Service website. Exam materials are available in both the website and in libraries, too. Financial aids and advice are also something you might want to enquire about as getting a PhD is not cheap. You can also ask your graduate school for advice on your options, like whether you can do away with an accredited online PhD while you work.
Upon completing your admissions at the graduate schools you have enrolled for, attain your transcripts, GRE scores, and letters of recommendation. You can then submit your documents to the universities of your choice, and settle your admission process. Do take note of your curriculum details as well as you would want to be able to plan your schedule ahead of time. Last, but not least, you will need to ace your courses and write a well-researched dissertation.
The Industrial Equipment Manufacturing Industry Today
When nations start to get industrialized, several companies tried to enter the scene. More and more countries sought high quality industrial equipment. Without a doubt, high end equipments are needed for a wide range of industrial processes. We won’t come up with all the products and services that we enjoy today without these.
The blooming of the industry comes with the entry of big and small industrial equipment companies. However, not all of them were able to offer high quality products. Along with these, they have realized the value of excellence because of the consumers’ call. Fortunately, almost all companies have responded to the call, improving their products for the benefit of the society.
Industrial equipment companies of today exist while giving importance to efficient manufacturing processes. Gone are the days when you could purchase substandard apparatuses, tools and equipment. The rise of globalization made a significant impact to the industrial field. Manufacturing companies are giving much importance to operational efficiency. There are more local and regional compliance regulations today regarding equipment manufacturing. The competition is tougher and the demands continue to grow. Operational efficiency is currently the foundation of the survival of big manufacturing companies. Basically, companies which are not operating efficiently obtain less profit.
Renowned industrial equipment manufacturing companies view globalization as an opportunity to get more revenue by providing valuable services. They are now trying to extend their business in more and new regions. This is the reason why it is possible to purchase high end equipments even in countries which are still developing. There is a business notion that it’s impossible to take advantage of opportunities without sacrificing efficiency and income. This is the big problem of small companies. However, bigger companies are getting successful on this endeavor by capitalizing on technology. They are using high technology to improve operations. Many companies are also utilizing versatile and adaptable business management solutions.
Small industrial equipment manufacturing companies of today are still trying to find a solution which they can learn to use easily and implement swiftly. They are still seeking for strategies and solutions which they can maintain and customize without disrupting their business. With this, they would be able to take advantage of the globalization as well. The employees will learn hot how to deal with change efficiently.
Today, several companies have the vision of delivering more than just machinery to their clients. They are trying to provide what the customers really demand. They are trying to enhance their products while considering safety requirements. This has something to do with the customers’ asset compliance and efficiency.
Because of the fact that the industrial equipment manufacturing industry is taking big leaps forward, you can expect wonderful products in the market. If you are planning to purchase certain equipment for whatever purpose, all that you need to do is to look at what the different companies offer. You will have a variety of options. Many companies are also using a comprehensive delivery system to make things a lot easier for you.